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Spis as an independent administrative unit was established in 12th century. Numerous German colonizers have to a large extent contributed to medieval development of crafts and mining. Southern part of Spis also belongs to the Kosice self-governing region. Spis fortress is a historical center of Spis. It covers an area of 4 hectares and is in many ways unique even on European scale. Its oldest preserved part with round 19 meters tall tower has been built in 13th century. In year 1780 this fortress was destroyed by fire. UNESCO has included this monument together with its surroundings on the World's Cultural Heritage List. The Church of Holy Spirit in Zehra with its valuable wall paintings is also on this list. Present day center of the southern Spis is the town Spisska Nova Ves. Its gothic parish church includes 87 meters high tower, the highest church tower in Slovakia. The former glory of the town Gelnica, famous especially in 14th and 15th century because of its gold mines, is documented by the mining museum established during the reign of the empress Maria Theresia. One of the attractions of the museum is the reconstructed mining tunnel with the oldest mining truck called "hunt".
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